Too embarrassed to ask what the cloud is and how it works? Why is it called the cloud anyway? Does it exist up in the sky in the ether? Is there just one cloud or are there lots of them? Well, stay tuned. This video is intended to clear the skies and bring a ray of sunshine to your day. Okay, that was a bit cheesy. Whether we know it or not, we are almost likely using the cloud in one way or another. Every time you open your Gmail account, watch a show on Netflix, or check your Instagram, you are using the cloud. Before the cloud existed, you might have saved files, pictures, and videos to your hard drive, and used a computer-based application to read your emails. In the workplace, all of this was traditionally managed by the company server. These days, however, data and applications can be stored and accessed in the cloud. Cloud computing has become so commonplace that an estimated 83% of the workforce now resides in the cloud, and that number is increasing.

Okay, so what exactly is the cloud? You may be surprised to find out that the cloud isn't up in the sky at all. It is very much on terra firma. When data is stored in the cloud, it is actually stored on a server somewhere, and you access it via the internet. Cloud servers are located in data centers all over the world, often called server farms.

And why is it called the cloud? The phrase, the cloud, was first used as slang. When the internet was in its early stages, technical diagrams often used a cloud symbol to represent the servers and networking infrastructure that made up the internet. When computing processes began moving to the servers and infrastructure part of the internet, people used the phrase, moving to the cloud, as a way of describing the process. The term stuck, and nowadays the cloud is the term we use to describe this type of computing.

Cloud computing relies on a technology called virtualization where digital-only virtual computers operate independently inside a physical computer. The technical term is a virtual machine. The beauty of virtual machines is that they are very lightweight, so one physical machine can host many virtual machines. One server becomes many servers, and one data center becomes many data centers. You get the picture, it's economical. If an individual server goes down, this generally doesn't affect the performance of the cloud server, making the system very reliable. Users can connect to the cloud from any device over the internet and can access files and services either through an app or through their browser.

Let's look at an example. Say you lose your mobile or it breaks. On it, you have all of your emails, Instagram and Facebook posts and all of your photos. If you weren't using cloud technology, all of this data would be lost along with the phone. But with cloud computing, you know that when you open your accounts on a new or different device, it will still all be in place, with all of your photos, videos, and conversation history saved. There are many other benefits to using the cloud. Individuals and companies don't have to manage physical hard drives or servers themselves or run software applications on their own machines. In many cases, you can access your data offline, edit and update files, and then sync it later when you have an internet connection. Colleagues can even collaborate on the same document in real time. Because the remote servers handle most of the computing and storage, you don't necessarily need an expensive high-end machine to get your work done, and data is backed up in multiple locations through a process called redundancy, which means your data won't be lost.

For businesses, switching to cloud computing gets rid of IT costs and overhead. You no longer need to update and maintain your own server. The cloud can make it easier for you to operate internationally, and employees, contractors, and customers can all access the same files and applications from any location.

Of course, there are some drawbacks to operating in the cloud. Without an internet connection, you can lose access to your data and applications indefinitely. The same applies if there are any technical issues or outages on the server side. Also, because your information is stored online, there is always the risk of cyber attack. Cloud services will have security measures in place so it is generally not an issue, but it's always a good idea to be cautious about what you store in the cloud.

The forecast for cloud computing is bright. As more and more businesses adopt this technology, it is becoming part of our everyday virtual lives, making our digital experiences more flexible, efficient, and economical.

Lectures

DHCP and DNS - Firewall - Encryption - Hubs, Switches and Routers - The 7 Layers of the OSI Model and Encapsulation - Unicast, Multicast and Broadcast